Tuesday, November 30

Armani Privé - Oud Royal, Rose d'Arabie, Ambre Orient - new fragrance review from Giorgio Armani

3 excellent perfumes were recently launched by L'Oréal for their cherished brand, Giorgio Armani, the fabulous "Red Carpet" designer of the movie stars in the past decade. They are all excellent creations in terms of power, tenacity and the evolution of the scent, they all possess exceptional ingredients combined with more usual materials but they also reveal some less honorable intentions behind the scenes. For the regular consumer they are stereotypical "Arabian scents", built exactly on the same pattern as the perfumes bought in Paris by rich people from the Middle East since the 90's. They are Montale in a refined, wearable version. But do not expect anything original from L'Oréal, the world center of copies and recycled ideas. Their perfumes have always been an idea "borrowed" from somewhere else skillfully packaged by their huge marketing team. Other invent and every year l'Oréal takes ideas making millions without paying a cent for royalties because fragrance is not protected and nobody would dare to sue the cosmetic giant.
But let's go back to "Oud Royal, Rose d'Arabie, Ambre Orient", a beautiful collection of stereotypes built in the 1001 nights theme, a recent concept used in the luxury universe by Kilian. The bottles, gold and black, such a classic combination, fit perfectly with the creations of Tom Ford and Kilian. "Where stops the inspiration and where starts plagiarism?" is a question of debate even in design. The scents are certainly not an exploration of the oriental universe. When you are a big money machine you do not have time to explore. You take an idea previously on the market and you sell it as something new through a huge distribution. Rose, Oud and Amber are not only a stereotypical vision of the Orient, much like some Orientalist painters who depicted harems from their imagination and never really saw the Orient, they are also stereotypical fragrances. We do not find here the concept of rose / oud / amber, but a very specific accord that has been around for more than 5 years.

Ambre Orient - is a very modern amber interpretation of the Ambre 83 theme where the note of amber and labdanum is wrapped in the sensual sweetness of balms and vanilla, softly underlined by spices (cinnamon) and woods (patchouli, sandalwood), a beautiful idea explored several years ago by Annick Goutal in Ambre Fétiche. It appears as a clear copy of Mitzah Dior, only modified with a light oud note. While smelling the perfume, which is actually beautiful and very well crafted but not original because this idea has been around precisely in this shape since many years in the niche, I was wondering about the similarity with the LVMH product. Is l'Oréal the master of "industrial espionage"? How did they have a perfume that smells like Dior on the market just several weeks after? Who is the perfumer behind Mitzah Dior and behind Ambre d'Orient by Armani because now I find impossible to accept François Demachy as the nose behind Dior. We'll find later what is the story of this beautiful plagiarism. Ambre Orient has also a very delicate fruity note, built around modern rose ketones and peach, and this shade is lightly reminiscent of Black Orchid having the same depth for the ambery notes. Rose-amber-light oud are the main facets of this perfume, underlined by a fresh spiciness dominated by cinnamon and pink pepper and each of them is a modern interpretation taking advantage of both natural ingredients and exquisite molecules. Of course, there is a huge amount of vanillin and ethyl vanillin that appear almost naked in the drydown, 24 hours after.

Rose d'Arabie is a conventional interpretation of the Oriental rose, as it has been done for many years by Montale, surrounded by sandalwood, amber, spices and touches of red fruits. But unlike Montale, this blooming and heavy Rose de Damas is perfectly mastered, very close to the "essence" of Rose Oud by Kilian. Again we could find traces of the notes previously rendered by Black Orchid as if the perfumes of Tom Ford became the olfactory reference for Giorgio Armani while their bottle design with gold was translated into the l'Oréal "design concept". But the most surprising element and extremely embarrassing in my opinion is another new creation - Portrait of a Lady by Frédéric Malle. There is less natural rose and less red fruity note, but basically the structure is there, the Armani perfume being less contrasted and smoother. Did l'Oréal girls smell the Frédéric Malle perfume created by Dominique Ropion at IFF? This wouldn't surprise me at all that a small bottle found its way on their desk perfectly guiding the creation of Giorgio Armani. In fact, l'Oréal has always been about less ethical practices in cosmetics, perfumes and most of all business. The good news is that Armani Rose d'Arabie smells excellent, though quite conventional. The bad news is that Frédéric Malle should be very careful with his launches and his whole creation process. Ideas from Malle should not be stolen so quickly by the competition nor other ideas worked at IFF for big brands should enter his line as a more elaborate / expensive version. The average consumer would not feel the difference but the whole story collapses. That's why fragrances should be protected and copies produced by the competition should not be launched almost simultaneously.

Royal Oud is the wearable interpretation of the heavy animalic leather that is the must-follow trend of this year. Everybody does, did and will do an oud perfume, a variation around the same note and the same formula, first launched by Montale many years ago in a strong, contrasted and less elaborated / crafted version. The fragrance of Giorgio Armani could be seen as a conclusion of what was done previously in a more refined and rich way. This is engineered oud note, perfectly adapted for the European market having both the power and the olfactory characteristics of this type. It is a direct descendant of Oud Wood (Tom Ford) and Pure Oud (Kilian) but it is unclear to me if the Armani perfume is more than a simple skin layering of these previous creations. The oud note is surrounded by the softness of woody-ambery notes, underlined by incense and smoky tar notes. It combines the harsh violence of the original material, the ambery smoothness of modern ambery notes and the power of synthetic sandalwood notes. A rose note, almost similar to Rose d'Arabie reveals herself under the powerful oud note. Somehow, each perfume is "contained" in the others from the line, while Rose d'Arabie and Oud Royal are the closest in the drydown as if they were built from the same pattern.
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Monday, November 29

Woodhue (Fabergé) - vintage perfume review

With an enduring success in the late 40's and 50's, Woodhue from Fabergé is an exquisite oriental perfume that embodied the desire for sensual aldehydic lightness characterizing the perfumes of the decade that had gloriously started with the opulent Tabu (Dana).
The perfume translates a very classic idea of sweet balsamic woody (vetiver-sandalwood) found previously Habanita (Chanel) and Bois des Iles but the source of inspiration for this new oriental woody softness comes directly from a Houbigant masterpiece, quite famous in the early 30's. There are 2 oriental perfumes from the same period built around a similar idea - Réplique (Raphael) and Promesa (Myrurgia).
Woodhue transports us in a magical forest creating the illusion of aromatic freshness often found between the fields (with their aromatic hay coumarine, lavender and clary sage note) and the forest (the freshness of rosewood and bergamot). This type of note, the fresh spiciness somewhere between a fougère and a classic light oriental (sweet ambery) is the theme of the overture.
The heart of the perfume is built around a floral spicy note that sits between the jasmine-ylang-fresh rose facet of Chanel No5 and the soft sweet spicy carnation of l'Air du Temps. It is actually built on orris and clove, while the classic floral ingredients are here to modify and smooth the powdery light spiciness of this beautiful creation. After the very delicate green violet note found on top we discover the orris, a skilful blend of methyl ionone, ionones and natural orris concrete, in an astonishing yet classical accord with the carnation and a sharp lily of the valley.
But the mysterious forest hides delicious secrets and the woody spiciness is preciously wrapped in sweet balsamic notes of benzoin, vanilla, opopanax and myrrh but also in an amber accord. The drydown is balsamic sweet, ambery, powdery with an exquisite muskiness given by a combination of nitromusks and just a hint of honeyed civet. The woody notes are an exquisite blend of sandalwood, cedar and vetiver and the contrast between their pungent power (rough wood), the overall balmy sweetness and the strict sharpness of clove is exquisite.
Compared to its original inspiration, Woodhue brought something new in the magic forest - a an important flower bouquet dominated by carnation and lily of the valley (without the complexity of Fleurs de Rocaille) where the salycilates and hydroxycitronellal play an important role. Somehow it opens the way to l'Air du Temps and it brings a lot of air in the woody-oriental accord.
Some might notice a clear hairspray note and this aspect is of a major importance in the history of Woodhue. Millions of women were wearing a version of Woodhue for many decades and they were not aware about that. The perfume was discontinued but its scent lasted in the collective memory.

The Fabergé company was founded in 1937 by Samuel Rubin and named by his friend, the American oil billionaire Armand Hammer, a collector of Fabergé jewelry. In 1964, when its perfumes were no more the luxury items of the late 30's, Samuel Rubin sold Fabergé to the cosmetics company Rayette owned by the marketing genius George Barrie, the man that would later made Brut the worldwide masculine success.
By 1964, hairspray had become the top-selling beauty product in the United States, outselling even lipstick. It is precisely at that period that Aqua Net launched by Rayette, the famous hair spray of the 60's, made its glorious appearance on the market and it was scented with a version of Woodhue, a successful perfume of the recently acquired Fabergé company.
Though hairspray aerosol had been invented in the late 40's, there was a lot of work to improve the formula. Scenting the aerosol was something completely new for the perfumers in the late 50's / early 60's because it brought a totally different new type of formulation. The perfume performed very different in the early aerosols and not all ingredients were technically suited. But Woodhue, with its floral bouquet reminiscent of Chanel No 5 over the light sweet oriental base, worked perfectly and became a standard for the perfumes used in hairsprays since the mid 60's. During the same period in Paris, L'Oréal was launching Elnett, with a similar type of scent but closer to l'Air du Temps, but it is unclear to me when this hairspray became scented and who is the French perfumer.
From the scented woods and their delicate sweet spiciness translated in a pure perfume, Woodhue (Fabergé) would survive in the scented hair of millions of women. Though the original Woodhue is not directly linked to l'Air du Temps, its evolution into a formula for a hairspray has undeniably influenced the tastes of women in the next decade and made l'Air du Temps one of the best sellers. The women were familiar with that scent, they were using it every day and both Fidji, l'Air du temps (and later Opium) were perfectly matching the scent of their hair unlike other perfumes that were discordant. This process of unconsciously match between the scent of the perfume and the body products is sometime the key behind the success of several modern bestsellers since the 50's.
While the first version of Woodhue was more oriental sweet ambery in its pure perfume version, in the late 60's the perfume the floral facet was more important, mostly in the EDC versions.

I wish to thank Barbara for the Fabergé samples she sent me and read also her review on YesterdaysPerfume.
Rayette AquaNet Ad from 1964.
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Sunday, November 28

Cyclosia Base (Chuit Naef / Firmenich)

While in many books the birth certificate of Hydroxycitronellal aka Cyclosia base is 1908, it was actually prepared and used much earlier in several outstanding Parisian perfumes. This is a photo I took from a leaflet I have in my archive and it was done for the 30 years anniversary of this product, celebrated in 1935 by Firmenich. This was the product that completely changed the art of perfumes within a year allowing the creation of outstanding floral notes.

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Saturday, November 27

The Secret of Chanel No5 - book presentation

Tilar Mazzeo rewrites the legend of Chanel No5 in a fascinating novel where the perfume is the main character through a fantastic journey across the XXth century - The Secret of Chanel No. 5: The Intimate History of the World's Most Famous Perfume. Based on several facts, many apocryphal stories and a personal interpretation of the past, this is an exciting fantasy where the novelist becomes a fragrance detective searching for clues and events 100 years ago. This is the DaVinci code of a famous perfume where true facts and fictional events are mixed to explain the DNA of a perfume. The story is presented through our modern eyes as if it was true and we follow the scent trail as early as the time Gabrielle Chanel went to Aubazine. The notion of cleanliness, as perceived today on the other side of the Atlantic, becomes a thread that leads us to the fragrance and its use of aldehydes but for that we go back to the Island of Cyprus "thousands of years before the common era, and this heady scent - a sweet and woody concoction with hints of citrus and vanilla - was dedicated to Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of sexual love." And this was before the conquistadores!
The beautiful Belle Époque is presented to us in all its splendor and richness. We assist to an imaginary fragrance launch of Paul Poiret during a famous party and right after the Great War we see the Americans soldiers desperately looking for French perfumes in Paris, several years before they started to be heavily advertised in US Vogue and Harper's Bazaar.
In The Secret of Chanel No. 5: The Intimate History of the World's Most Famous Perfume we learn the different legends surrounding the creation of Chanel No 5 including the never found "Le Bouquet de Catherine" and the apocryphal story about François Coty (who btw did not use any aldehyde before 1927) and industrial espionage about a stolen masterpiece. Mazzeo reveals that the instantly recognizable scent of heavy jasmine, rose, and musk was not invented by Coco. I would add that 90% of perfumes (except maybe the Eau de Cologne style) in that era used those ingredients in strong doses. I revealed many clues of the Chanel No5 genealogy on this blog in the past 5 years, including the perfumes Ernest Beaux had studied, but the author did not read me and you will not find the correct evolution of the scent. The author speaks about the creation and launch of the most famous perfume in modern terms and we can even assist to the launch party with Ernest Beaux, set in a restaurant in Cannes, scenting the room before the invention "No5 vapo". Coco Chanel imagined an unusual marketing strategy for the success of her creation after she studied François Coty and his famous "guerilla campaign" of La Rose Jacqueminot (a story that was actually told or invented in the late 20's). We learn about the fragrance of fashion designer Molyneux who launched in 1925 a perfume called Le Numéro Cinq, after his new address on Rue Royale (a chypre floral aldehydic perfume with soft fruity notes and not related to Chanel). It was later changed to Le Parfum connu during a famous scandal and the subject was largely explained in the era. We discover how Coco Chanel was marketing minimalism and how Catherine de Medici inspired her logo (!) while the bottle might be the never-to-be-found first Rallet design. Of course, historians have a different opinion because there is a known designer behind the first square Chanel bottle and there are several very similar bottles from 1919 and 1921 (one by Lalique, the other by Baccarat) while the bottles inspired by Chanel were presented on this blog. The novel goes on when François Coty enters the scene with his Aimant in 1927, launched after he acquired Rallet (is it because a famous nose like Vincent Roubert could not duplicate the aldehydic perfume since 1921?). The success story of Chanel No5 is followed during the 30's when the perfume becomes a global star and later during the war. The very mysterious story of Mademoiselle No 1 and the other red label perfumes is unveiled to us. "Where was Ernest Beaux during WWII. His friend, Léon Givaudan -one of history's great innovators in the science of fragrance chemistry-was based in Zurich, Coco Chanel's home after the war, when she was filled with plans for those red labels." Léon Givaudan was dead since 1936 but I'm not sure if he was buried in Zurich. We discover how the mysterious Chanel 31 became after 1965 the masterpiece Chanel 19, created by Henri Robert. The great perfumer was probably lucky to find after 20 years a bottle of Chanel No 31 or a formula created when he was in New York (he entered Chanel in the early 50's), adding to this 20% Hedione (!). Leaving the historical fiction we enter the modern days and the subject of reformulations discovering the problems of nitromusks "based around molecules that were essentially explosive, they were chemically unstable, and this was true especially if they were exposed to sunlight, when they tended to degrade and react in ways that were sometimes neurologically toxic." In fact, I'm so happy every time I find a vintage bottle of fragrance with some unstable musk that holds the fragrance a week on the blotter allowing a beautiful diffusion. This week, right before I read this new novel about Chanel No 5, I had an enormous chance to find the Houbigant 1911 perfume that inspired Ernest Beaux for his Rallet creation. I opened the bottle and it was smelling 80% Rallet without any doubt (I later made the analysis). For me the mystery of Chanel No5 is solved. He was not duplicating the beautiful Quelques Fleurs and the "arctic note" is an older perfume idea perpetuated after the 1917 Revolution in a soviet perfume launched around 1929.
Chandler Burr“Mazzeo has written an account of the rarest of things-an international olfactory icon-that fairly rushes off the pages. Here is the life of one of the 20th century’s most interesting and deeply complicated women, a fascinating cultural history, and the story of an extraordinary perfume.”
The Secret of Chanel No. 5: The Intimate History of the World's Most Famous Perfume (304 pages) is available on Amazon for 14.29 USD.

I made a selection from my huge Chanel fashion archive with several model created in 1921 to see mood and the style she proposed. The bottle was plain but that was the year of heavy Russian embroideries in fashion for the evening. The first image I showed you several years ago is about a Chanel movie in 1921.
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Friday, November 26

Ivoire (Chanel) - vintage image

Ivoire de Chanel is one of the lost marvelous creations of the 30's and there is no chance to see it back very soon. This is an image from my personal archive, taken in the mid 30's from the Chanel boutique, though the perfume was not really advertised. Before 1945 the Chanel collection of perfumes sold in Paris was very rich but they made a very intelligent choice and only very few were advertised (80% was No5). This allowed the public to focus on 2 things - the name and the number. This vision is clearly expressed and explained in an interview given by Wertheimer just before WWII, that I have in my collection of Chanel documents. 
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Thursday, November 25

Vintage Givaudan archive

In these photos from my personal collection of vintage documents (click for better quality) you can see the visionary approach of Givaudan in the 20's and 30's:
  • the selection of new and original ideas to inspire the perfumer, 
  • a constant relation to fashion and fashionable scents (the model in the picture from Chanel and there is a long story about Givaudan & couturiers perfumes before Roure entered the scene), 
  • the research for absolute olfactory purity (what became today Orpur), 
  • high artistic standards (fragrance was considered an art at Givaudan before WWII and this is completely forgotten), 
  • an original interpretation of nature and a constant research of unusual scents in nature (here I prepare something special to read), 
  • very modern standards in production and research
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Wednesday, November 24

Affaire des prix du parfum - remise en question

Le prix du parfum a monté beaucoup dans les dernières années et ce n'est pas toujours une question de qualité. Parfois les marques augmentent le prix pour faire plus luxe et en même temps ils lancent des flacons 30ml. Surtout dans les niches il y a du über luxe, mais cela pèse lourd sur les parfums qui ne tiennent pas bien sur la peau ou ont des "défauts" de formulation. En même temps, j'ai noté à Paris que tout est discounté - les réductions et les promotions sont tout au long de l'année. Il y a toujours une promotion en cours, surtout dans les vitrines, et le nombre de PV qui proposent des parfums qui n'ont pas marché (discontinued) a visiblement augmenté à Paris. Plus question d'acheter son parfum à son prix affiché quand tout ce que je reçois par poste / mail me propose constamment des -15 / -20% avec ma carte de fidélité. ça fait une année quand j'ai commencé à étudier la question des prix dans les parfums contemporains j'ai découvert un site (Mailorama-fr) qui t'offre encore plus de réductions sur l'achat internet (de 5 à 10% de remise sur l'achat Sephora/Nocibé/Marionnaud et quand la somme sur le compte a atteint un seuil j'ai reçu un chèque à la maison). Il y a actuellement beaucoup d'astuces qui permettent d'acheter son parfum à -30% sans le risque de tomber sur une contrefaçon dans une "boutique" inconnue. Tout cela a des conséquences majeures sur l'image des parfums, car le rare et le précieux vont mal avec la remise constante et  on se demande aussi sur les marges de prix qui permettent moins la création (maintenant tombé dans le discours marketing inspiré de la "niche") et plus sur l'ingénierie financière. Ce qui m'inquiète c'est la hausse des prix sans une vraie valeur. J'ai découvert à Printemps les nouveaux SoOud et toute la collection de 8 parfums (sans échantillon, de nouveau) coûterait environ 1500 EUR. Pourtant les parfums sont des variations sur la même idée et ni les matières, ni l'idée, ni le flacon ne justifient leur prix individuel. Dans les boutiques j'entends souvent le même discours vente pour un parfum cher autour des matières riches et rares, pourtant je n'ai pas encore croisé un parfum avec plus de rose-jasmin naturels que le Joy (Jean Patou) vendu maintenant à un prix tout à fait normal.
La question des prix est très délicate actuellement en France car il pouvait y avoir aussi une autre affaire.Je viens de lire dans les documents de l'AFP que je reproduis que le petit scandale de l'entente distributeur-marque est en train d'exploser à nouveau.

"La justice va devoir de nouveau se prononcer sur des amendes infligées à des grands noms du luxe et des distributeurs de parfums pour entente sur les prix de vente, la Cour de cassation de Paris ayant décidé mardi de casser un jugement qui les avait annulées. L'affaire serait rejugée par la Cour d'appel de Paris.
En 2006, le Conseil de la concurrence, ancêtre de l'actuelle Autorité de la concurrence, avait condamné treize grands noms du luxe et trois sociétés de distribution de parfums et cosmétiques à des amendes totalisant 46,2 millions d'euros.
Parmi les fournisseurs condamnés figuraient les branches parfumerie et cosmétiques de Chanel, Dior, Hermès, Estée Lauder/Clinique, Givenchy, Guerlain, Kenzo Parfums, L'Oréal, Shiseido, Lolita Lempicka, Thierry Mugler Parfums ou encore Yves Saint Laurent, Issey Miyake et Jean Paul Gaultier regroupés chez Beauté Prestige International. Les distributeurs condamnés étaient Marionnaud, Sephora et Nocibé.
Les groupes de luxe mis en cause fixaient à leurs distributeurs le "prix public indicatif" des produits, ainsi que le taux de remise maximum qu'ils étaient autorisés à pratiquer, de façon à uniformiser vers le haut les prix, au détriment du consommateur, avait alors indiqué le Conseil de la concurrence.
Il reprochait également aux fournisseurs la mise en place une "police des prix", c'est-à-dire des contrôles des prix, des pressions et des menaces de représailles commerciales vis-à-vis des distributeurs récalcitrants.
En novembre 2009, la Cour d'appel de Paris avait annulé les amendes, estimant que le délai écoulé entre l'instruction du Conseil et la notification des griefs était d'une longueur excessive et n'avait pas permis aux groupes de luxe et aux distributeurs de rassembler les éléments leur permettant de se défendre correctement.
Mardi, la Cour de Cassation a elle estimé que la Cour d'appel n'avait pas démontré que le délai écoulé avait causé à chacune des entreprises "une atteinte personnelle, effective et irrémédiable à son droit de se défendre"."
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Monday, November 22

Eau d'Issey Noir Absolu and Eau d'Issey pour Homme Noir Absolu

Issey Miyake continues the production of useless flankers in beautiful bottles this time with an "exceptional" opus. Creating such type of works doesn't require superior intelligence nor a lot of time. You take the original formula adding several new notes inside or you simply adjust its balance emphasizing some facets. An experienced perfumer builds such a type of work between airplanes. 95% of Issey + 5% of a trendy accord that could be later presented by the marketing team of the cosmetic group as something artistic or innovative. With Noir Absolu I am charmed by the touch of the beautiful black bottle but I do not see the point of the scent. In front of me I see all the other versions of Issey, all available now in shops, including the summer flanker in mid November. I feel quite lost but I manage to identify the original perfume, something that would probably be impossible for a new consumer (and frustrating if he learns after 6 months he'd actually bought a limited edition). I hardly smell the true differences between the original and the flanker. Yes, it has a touch of amber, a touch of dry woods, some vanilla, but the result is insignificant and you should certainly concentrate (or be used to the fragrance) to detect the "importance of being a flanker". When worn, these small modifications could be perceived as an "interference" with other scents from the body / clothes. Eau d'Issey Noir Absolu is not a version or an interpretation, but rather a "pollution" of the original perfume. Comparing the original and the flanker after several hours, I really do not understand why Issey Miyake persists in the sin of "flanker gluttony". To me the original perfume is far better from all standards, the new one is neither "new" (an outstanding interpretation) nor an "improvement" in both aesthetic and technical terms. Maybe in some cases the olfactory shape of a perfume is perfect and you cannot add more.
The flankers have certainly diluted the uniqueness of some perfumes. Ask me how Very Irresistible smells and I could not answer you. There are so many versions around that the original idea of the perfume got lost in the "brand translation". I only remember the rose from Givenchy.
When a perfume is created after hundreds of trials, there is moment of a tough decision - the final choice - and that should be the accomplished idea of that fragrance, something like a strong statement. Reversing the process through the launch of a flood of flankers, the variation becomes the sign of indecision and rarely something creative. A perfume with too many versions simultaneously present on the market will gradually loose its appeal and its subconscious identification will become harder. This is the "rose paradox".

My congratulations to the designer of Eau d'Issey Noir Absolu - you really have to touch and see the bottle / box to appreciate the material.
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Sunday, November 21

The Art of René Lalique, flacons and powder boxes - a new book by Christie Mayer Lefkowith

When I discovered the first book published by Christie Mayer Lefkowith my life changed completely and was infused with new meanings. The next 2 books increased even more the magic and every year I hope that this exceptional author and expert, a woman of a great culture, sensibility and an infinite love for the perfume, prepares us a new opus. It is she who insisted for the exceptional place of the fragrance in the XXth century decoartive arts, it she who came with the expression "perfume presentation" and many other concepts widely used today when referring to the art of perfumes in the early XXth century.
In 2010 I discover with a great joy and infinite emotion the birth of a huge enciclopedic work dedicated to the art Lalique - The Art of René Lalique, flacons and powder boxes - 498 pages, 703 color illustrations, 125 USD.
In this lavishly illustrated art book, Christie Mayer Lefkowith presents a comprehensive photographic and historical review of the art of René Lalique, as expressed in the flacons and powder boxes that he created for perfumers, and also as decorative objects to be sold by René Lalique et Cie. Her authoritative analysis reveals how René Lalique drew inspiration from nature, from literature and from various schools of art, and yet would always interpret these influences through his singular perspective. She also relates the themes and design concepts he used for the perfume industry to his jewelry and to his other artistically or industrially produced objects. After over 25 years of intensive research into René Lalique's work and the evolution of the perfume industry, the author is able to chronicle in an engaging and narrative manner the history of the perfume companies and prominent perfumers who became clients of René Lalique, and commissioned him to provide each of them with outstanding flacons, powder boxes and other objects.
The book can be bought from Amazon (The Art of René Lalique, flacons and powder boxes) and from the Lalique boutiqe (11 rue Royale, Paris).
For the launch of her book, Christie Mayer Lefkowith will come to France and UK to sign her books so much cherished by perfume collectors around the world.
The author is signing copies at the Lalique Boutique in Harrods on 30th November, between 3 and 5pm, and also at Lalique, 47 Conduit Street, between 6.30 and 9pm. For the Paris tour see my article in French.
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"L'Art de René Lalique flacons et boîtes à poudre" - un nouveau livre de Christie Mayer Lefkowith

Lorsque j'ai découvert le premier livre écrit par Christie Mayer Lefkowith (Art of Perfume) ma vie a complètement changé et les 2 ouvrages suivants m'ont encore émerveillé. Il suffit de regarder les flacons qu'elle a précieusement collectionné pour comprendre à quel point l'art du parfum était autre chose avant l'avènement de l'époque plastique marketing. Tous les ans j'espère que cet auteur hors pair, d'une grande culture, sensibilité et surtout un amour infini pour le parfum, nous prépare un nouveau ouvrage. C'est elle qui a souvent et longtemps insisté sur la place primordiale du parfum dans les arts décoratifs du XXeme siècle, c'est elle qui a inventé le terme "présentation de parfum" et de nombreux autres concepts / termes à travers ses livres et articles.
En 2010 j'apprends et je découvre avec une grande émotion la naissance d"un énorme livre d'histoire - L'Art de René Lalique flacons et boîtes à poudre - 498 pages, 703 illustrations couleur.
Pour les 150 ans de la naissance de René Lalique, l'un des plus grands joailliers et verriers du XXeme siècle, Christie Mayer Lefkowith propose un ouvrage retraçant la carrière de cet artiste hors pair. Lalique révolutionne la parfumerie au point d'élever les présentations de parfums et de produits de beauté au rang d'oeuvre d'art. Après 25 ans de recherche, l'auteur, le plus grand spécialiste dans l'histoire du flacon à parfum, après avoir rassemblé de nombreuses illustrations, analyse l'ensemble des créations de René Lalique pour la parfumerie. Elle souligne la façon dont Lalique a puisé son inspiration dans l'observation de la nature, dans la littérature et auprès de différentes écoles artistiques. Dans L'Art de René Lalique flacons et boîtes à poudre elle explique l'art de René Lalique et le désir qu'il avait de mêler la joaillerie et l'industrie du parfum, ses deux domaines de prédilection.
"Christie Mayer Lefkowith a été appointée par Silvio Denz, Président Directeur Général de Lalique S.A., pour écrire cet ouvrage, publié à l’occasion du cent cinquantenaire de la naissance de René Lalique (1860-1945). Collectionneuse passionnée depuis toujours, elle a été la première à étudier ce vaste domaine. Christie Mayer Lefkowith a organisé pas moins de neuf ventes à Genève consacrées à la parfumerie ancienne, où elle intervient aussi comme expert. "

Le Livre est en vente sur Amazon (L'Art de René Lalique flacons et boîtes à poudre - 98 EUR et version anglaise The Art of René Lalique, flacons and powder boxes ) et dans la boutique Lalique (11 rue Royale, Paris)
Pour le lancement de son livre, Christie Mayer Lefkowith, qui réside depuis longtemps à New York, sera présente en France pour dédicacer son ouvrage:
le 1er décembre à Paris, boutique Lalique, 11 rue Royale (18h-21h)
le 2 décembre boutique Lalique, Bon Marché, 24 rue de Sèvres (18h-20h30)
le 4 décembre boutique Lalique, Printemps Maison, 64 bd. Haussmann
(15h-17h)
le 5 décembre boutique Lalique, Galeries Lafayette Maison, 35 bd. Haussmann (15h-17h)
le 6 décembre à Nancy, boutique Daum, 14 place Stanislas (17h-20h)
le 8 décembre à Cannes, boutique Lalique, 87 rue d’Antibes (18h-21h)

Les autres livres de Christie Mayer LefkowithMasterpieces of the Perfume IndustryArt of Perfume: Discovering and Collecting Perfume BottlesPaul Poiret and His Rosine Perfumes
Version anglaise: The Art of René Lalique, flacons and powder boxes

FLACON SERPENT, 2010. Réalisé en Édition Limitée à 12 exemplaires à l'occasion du 150ème anniversaire de la naissance de René Lalique.
Une prouesse technique, un miracle d'équilibre pour une pièce unique : un flacon ambre à tête de serpent, soufflé à la bouche et délicatement sculpté, semble flotter au milieu d'une arche de cristal transparent. Pour le réaliser LALIQUE a mis au point une technique nouvelle. François Schilt, « Meilleur Ouvrier de France », et les Maîtres-Verriers qui l'entourent, ont ainsi réalisé un chef-d'oeuvre qui conjugue tout le savoir-faire dont ils sont les détenteurs, avec la passion qui les animent.
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Saturday, November 20

Traversée du Bosphore (Artisan Parfumeur) - new fragrance review

With "Traversée du Bosphore", Bertrand Duchaufour innovates again, creating the first "gourmand leather" fragrance in the history of perfumery. Leather notes and sweet fruity notes were used several times together in the past, but the new direction was never that obvious as the perfumer has recently demonstrated through his alluring creation. Strong, pungent and often animalic (castoreum) these notes were rarely delicate before the major introduction of the suede note by Serge Lutens. The new perfume from Artisan Parfumeur blurs the lines between the families (oriental, fruity gourmand and leather) creating an outstanding new direction. This approach is not new in nature - smell the devastating osmanthus absolute and you'll feel both the soft leather and the fruity apricot together in an unusual marriage. Traversée du Bosphore is the olfactory representation of the velvety touch of a white peach that tastes like a loukoum. It is also the representation of the delicate "skin" surrounding some fruits or oriental pastry. They look like a "solid" but beneath the "skin" you find the honeyed liquor and the explosion of creamy notes. This leather is so delicate like the fragile and almost transparent layers of phyllo dough used in the delicious baklava served to sultans.
Something inside the perfume, the combination of vanilla, spices and a specific fruity note, reminds me of the very beautiful "Le Fruit Défendu" but the perfumer assured me he did not know this Paul Poiret perfume. But we could not omit the Pasha of Fashion, the great Poiret and his astonishing perfumes and the interpretation of the Orient.
The core of the perfume is a silky woody note built around the orris concrete with a touch of cedar Atlas but its modern smoothness, as expressed in Dior Homme, has been reinterpreted in a new way. A floral fresh note built around the rose is the receptacle of the delicious fruity notes - an acid flamboyant grenade note (a very original addition to the floral-leather-gourmand structure), a very fresh apple note like the one found in the chicha, the loukoum with a honeyed - orange flower facet, the almond-pistachio and a raspberry.
Most surprising, this perfume is also an olfactory study in the order of monocotyledonous flowering plants (Liliales and Zingiberales) with a focus on Iridaceae. Here you have tulip, ginger, orris, saffron, etc, all delicately related through their scent but also through phylogeny.
With an impressive amount of vanilla (maybe 10%) Traversée du Bosphore doesn't feel like an Oriental - its more its breeze retained in precious leather gloves powdered with orris to resemble a loukoum. It is the orris, the saffron and the ginger that are working like a magic powder reversing the place, usually attributed to sweet vanilla and benzoin.
This is not the vision of Orient as portrayed by Serge Lutens, opulent, dark and very deep, and not the portrait of bazaars, but a description of a Turkish delight in the most unexpected way. This is the delicacy found in the precious silks, the floral embroideries of the Ottoman court, the garden of pleasures at Topkapi but also the delicacy of tulips - the precious bulbs treasured by the sultans with their shape translated into the silk turbans.
If Ottoman tulips, with their precious bulbs and thick petals, had a scent this would be Traversée du Bosphore infused with an airy green - saffron touch. That's how the Topkapi palace used to be - beneath the perceived threat there was the delicacy, the precious scents and the love of beauty.
"The Harem Servant Girl" (1874) is a painting from Paul Desiré Trouillebert and it fully reflects the mysterious facet of this new Artisan Parfumeur fragrance - the gold for saffron, the white milky skin for the powdery sweet orris, the blue silk for the blue ginger (but also the petals of the orris) and then the chicha with its unmistakable fresh apple tobacco note. The loukoum is of course ... the forbidden kiss.
Notice also that the first painting was the orientalist interpretation of western artists - Topkapi was not a place of orgies - and this is a long story about how the West imagined the private life inside the Ottoman Empire.
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Friday, November 19

Miroir des voluptés (Thierry Mugler) - new fragrance review

One of the original fragrances of this year and certainly one of the most beautiful, the new fragrance from Thierry Mugler is an innovative, yet extremely classical interpretation of the ambery note. It comes right after the very disturbing Womanity.
Definitely inspired by Cologne pour le Soir and its absolute version with its deep animalic sensual touch, "Miroir des voluptés" is not just a new interpretation. Here, the perfumer took the Francis Kurkdjian's idea and gave it a new meaning through 2 major changes. A very modern ambery note replaced the classical theme and an original accord was built around the natural rose.
Rose-amber-incense is one of the oldest accords of perfumery and this idea dates back to the early Antiquity as it is presented in an exceptional book (Parfums de l'Antiquité : La rose et l'encens en Méditerranée). That's why, working this type of idea is not an easy task for the perfumer - you can easily find yourself in a cliché - an accord that found its achievement in a previous era. But in Miroir des voluptés (Thierry Mugler) this familiarity is skillfully avoided. First, the ambery note is completely modern using several new molecules from the amber family which beautifully wrap the woody blend of patchouli and sandalwood. The perfumer could have added a simple rose oil note on top, but he preferred to transform this natural rose into something different - quince, the dark side of the pear note found in fresh roses. The fragrance starts with an exquisite quince note, a very sensual interpretation of a not so common fruity note - this is a delicious quince elixir, infused with a spicy note. Somehow the perfumer managed to avoid the alimentary note and this original accord built around the rose is both gourmand and sensual. But under this you will find the exquisite honey note and the animalic civet, underlining the facets of the velvety rose marinated in the quince syrup. Honey-civet-benzoin are classic modifiers of oriental roses and ambery notes and here they work like the "sensual engine" of the fragrance. There is something quite sober inside this perfume and despite its voluptuous connotation, this is neither über gourmand nor über sensual, maintaining the fragile balance of an exquisite taste. The oudh note is very delicate inside, like a fragile veil while the tobacco note is quite an important effect in this type of accord. There is only 2 things that I consider not perfect inside this new creation from Mugler - there is a moment when the top-middle notes and the bottom notes split and the beautiful fruity character from the top is not followed in the drydown and the drydown has not enough richness. From the same family as Mitzah (Christian Dior), but with its own identity, Miroir des voluptés (Thierry Mugler) blurs again the line between the masculine-feminine code. Some of the dry ambery notes and crisp woods are often found in contemporary masculine orientals. I believe this perfume would work even better on a masculine skin because of its animalic undertones - it goes perfect with your hair, unlike the "shaved" immaculate colognes.
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Thursday, November 18

l'Abeille de Guerlain - new review of an imperial perfume

Yesterday I was desperately looking for a billionaire in Paris because my Christmas list is quite impressive and  writing is more a volunteer "job". One of the most delicate, fragile and subtle perfumes of this fall comes from Guerlain and is preciously kept in an exceptional Baccarat bottle sold with an undecent price (12500 EUR).
Quite far from the characteristic Guerlain opulence, L'Abeille Impériale is a contemporary creation focused on the lightness of sensual flowers surrounded by the muskiness found in the recent creations of the house, all contrasted with a beautiful green jasmine and almondy note. The fragrance is built around the fresh acacia notes, an extremely rare soliflore in our days. In the past the acacia concrete was available to perfumers and in 2009 I made an olfactory description of this special floral scent . L'Abeille Impériale reflects the green and delicate floral note of the opulent grape in the wind and the freshness of the floral breeze. This is the blooming acacia when the buds are delicately opening their mystery to the sun. The green facet of the petal, the alluring light orange flower and the softly honey note are represented with accuracy and sensibility. Next to acacia comes a fresh mimosa, quite similar in style with the note used in Champs Elysées (but without its pungency) and the alluring sensual freshness of lilac. The honey note is very delicate and reflects more the sweet nectar found in spring flowers (the delicious nectar of honeysuckle, did you taste it?) and less the conventional honey note of perfumes and "miel d'acacia". But after the exquisite floral bouquet, an exercise in classic refinement strongly underlined by a general silkiness like the one experienced while smelling the albizia flowers, comes the delicate smoothness of the drydown. Here, orris, jasmine, rose, touches of peach and a drop o vanilla-tonka are perfectly blended in one of the most feminine accords, an idea also found in the perfume "Les Secrets de Sophie" (and in a more delicate way in Beige de Chanel). Everything is wrapped in a good dose of white cotton musks and their very warmth contributes to the overall smoothness. A subtle green note suggesting the jasmine sambac flower buds and hyacinth is perfectly laced inside the acacia blossoms, contrasting with the white jasmine note and its deluxe soap connotations. I believe that even a very light gardenia note (not very cruel!) is used to underline the white floral aspect. Not very contrasted but fragile and innocent, L'Abeille Impériale is a perfume that moved my soul from the very first seconds. It's simply beautiful and I wish this perfume was available for all, and not just the more fortunate or the bottle collectors who'll never open this exceptional creation.
A small advice for those visiting Paris: there is only a small 10ml tester for the perfume, so you should rush to Guerlain Champs Elysées to try this marvel. The shop window with the sun and the moon is magnificent.
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Wednesday, November 17

Bora-Bora (Guerlain) - a new mysterious perfume

Bora-Bora is a new mysterious perfume from Guerlain created by Thierry Wasser and apparently nobody knows anything about it. This is a photo I took from Madame Figaro where you can see the perfume and the coffret, but also the price ... 27 000 EUR. Tomorrow morning, the review of another new Guerlain exceptional perfume.
Any billionaire online?
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Parlez-moi d'amour (John Galliano) - new fragrance review

Parlez-Moi d'Amour is the new "parfum alimentaire" from Paris. How sad can it be that, after more than 10 years of glorious couture, your name lands on a bottle with a food flavor and you call it love. Parlez-Moi d'Amour smells like an obvious dish with wild strawberries, strawberries and some raspberries. It is hyper realistic and many will love this note because we all love fruits and generations of kids in France have been "educated" with a juice called "grenadine". It smells like a typical fruity base used in flavoring but the most depreciating thing about this "oeuvre" is its musky drydown. Because fruity notes have usually more impact on the top of the perfume, in Parlez-Moi d'Amour this is followed by a fresh floral musky accord. But the surprise is huge. Have you ever put your nose inside the pleasant fabric softeners found in super markets? That's exactly how the middle-drydown of Parlez-Moi d'Amour smells. It is not the suggestion of Lenor, but the pure Procter & Gamble concentrate (the one inspired by J'adore), now branded under the name of John Galliano as a love letter. I have never been so shocked in my entire life and what IFF (the creator) and the owner of John Galliano license did is scandalous.
Under the charm of the natural impression of fresh strawberries, this perfume is extremely vulgar and an offense to this art. John Galliano, the legendary fashion designer is certainly just a shadow today. How is it possible that a type of scent, popular since several years in airports (see the defunct Escada) and almost the same amount of time in supermarkets via celebrity fragrances, could land under his name? The perfume was launched with a great "triumph" in Paris and of course, when gifts arrive to the French press they forget where they used to buy they "lenor" and the "fruity cologne" for the young girl. This perfume is the essence of Monoprix and Carrefour.
Many French ladies working in marketing have not the time to cultivate their soul with art and beauty because they are too busy with 3 things: the bio diet à la mode, the Pierre Hermé hyper caloric masterpieces in the shop window and the new Hermès bag, the only reason they entered the fragrance industry. These tormented souls found their answer in what they call "parfums gourmands", a trend they imposed over the years. Now, there is only one type of seduction in Paris - that one between a fashionable girl with skinny jeans and the new patisserie they dream to eat without consequences (amour sans prise de tête). Love is not in the air and the recent launches (Nina Ricci, Cacharel, Lanvin, etc) show this pathological obsession with food. They are not perfumes for the soul but for the pain caused by the cardinal sin of gluttony. In the case of Parlez-Moi d'Amour by John Galliano, this is a double sin - food & money - the illusion of a pastry you will not eat and the cheap fabric softener sold as a couture perfume.
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Tuesday, November 16

Six Scents: Series Three - No. 6 M by Ohne Titel and Yann Vasnier - new fragrance review

With No6 M, Yann Vasnier achieves one of the most astonishing interpretations of the leather theme in modern perfumery. This is an "ethereal suede" to be worn à même la peau, a leather so refined and delicate like the feathered wings of an unknown creature. Almondy, like the deadly drops sometimes found on Renaissance gloves, with that exquisite note balancing between amaretto, frangipani and other sweet "long life" elixirs from the Borgia family, this perfume is to be worn like a second skin, one that is transparent like the filigrees of a dragonfly. Not heavy and dry like the usual leather notes, but light and soft like an oriental silk. If Boxeuses (Serge Lutens) was dark and mysterious, No. 6 M by Ohne Titel is the apotheosis of suede-plum-saffron in pure lightness when animalic becomes angelic.
Once upon a time, leather gloves were prepared through an elaborate process with flowers and balms, long before they became infused with the deep tar notes. Now the perfumer has replaced the floral leather enfleurage with pure saffron. It is in the sky, in a golden magic cloud, that the hologram of the leather scent is achieved. Using the most modern molecules and natural extracts, the fragrance has something archetypal like a story from the 16th century: It is the moment when a mysterious woman wearing the Spanish gloves of the conquistadores, scented à la Frangipane, was holding for the first time the tonka beans brought from Venezuela, expensive like gold and saffron. But her other hand was hiding in a crystal vial one of the most dangerous weapons in a drop - this delicious almondy note, light and ethereal, was the last kiss. This perfume smells like a Renaissance décolleté where the white and fragile skin was pressed under the corset revealing the secret of an almond, as depicted in Lucretia by Veronese (1580).
The perfumer follows his recognizable accords of soft, light and tender notes surrounded in a delicious nostalgic milkiness (like the one he did previously in the exceptional DelRae Mythique) including the ébauche found in a recent Tom Ford.
The animalic note of the perfume is almost conceptual - it is the human sweat captured in the pores of the refined suede, like the sweat of flowers once captured by the Renaissance leather. This animalic touch, refined and ethereal like a human presence is emphasized by a cocktail of animalic notes (like the unusual castoreum with it olive oil shade) and several musk captives like the outstanding Moxalone (with dry woody facets introduced in 1983) and the recent Cosmone (with its powdery sensual cotton touch), both used by the perfume in another outstanding creation.
Yann Vasnier has recently developed through several confidential projects a personal fingerprint working like a scented sensual trail in the labyrinth of elegance. His perfumes, often infused with lightness and delicacy, show a silky, tender and extremely feminine "je ne se quoi" that reminds me the elegance of the 1930's - ivory smoothness and purity. The perfumes from DelRae with their serene exuberance are the best examples in the floral universe while in other perfumes (including this one) the woody notes become petals, their brutal primitive aspect is softened until the "floating wood" becomes the "flying wood", opposed to the "sinking wood" (the Chinese name for a precious material also with a castoreum note). Of course, this wouldn't be possible without the sandalwood, the dark facets of atlas cedar and the rare molecules from Givaudan. One of the most interesting feature of this perfume is the work of saffron, the delicate powder glittering on the surface of the refined suede. The floral nectar with a plum shadow becomes a scented miraculous ink revealing the texture of the skin through a contrast saffron-violet-orris-creamy sandalwood-plum (prunol effect).
Six Scents: Series Three - No. 6 M by Ohne Titel
Six Scents: Series Three is an exploration into the nature of childhood memories and the influence of adolescence on identity. It features unisex fragrances from designers Alexis Mabille, Mary Katrantzou, Junn.J, Rad Hourani, N.Hoolywood, and Ohne Titel in collaboration with perfumers from Givaudan.
Making Scents of Memories
“M was a collaborative project with Ohne Titel. Meeting Flora and Alexa, you are immediately struck by the level of ease, familiarity and cohesiveness of their conversation together. They build off each other’s ideas, sharing the same open vision. The same pattern translated for their choice of ingredients and the expression of the fragrance, they both gravitated to the same ingredients we smelled and built together. I started Oh My Deer with a core of leather and an animalic feeling. Alexa and Flora spoke about their rebellious side when growing up, night clubs and late outings, the feeling of warm, slightly sweaty skin. I tried to recreate their attention to intricate tailoring, architecture of design, their care of detail, all these very feminine aspects using these strong and signature materials like cardamom, safraleine, and leather.“ - Yann Vasnier, perfumer
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Monday, November 15

Wistaria (Houbigant) - vintage fragrance review

Wistaria , one of the most mysterious and less known creation from Houbigant, is a fragrance you could hardly forget once you have smelled it. Introduced in 1940 as a "Eau Florale Concentrée" only for the American market, this is the closest wisteria scent you could ever imagine, a romantic, true-to-the-flower reproduction of an incredible character.
Last spring I spent several weeks investigating the scent of wisteria flowers in Paris, memorizing their facets and details from the first buds to the opulent grapes that come in so many shades. The perfume from Houbigant belongs to a time when the only highly sophisticated tool used by perfumers was their nose and the sensibility to understand the scents of nature. There was no GC, no headspace. But this fragrance "c'est la fleur même" and from the very first seconds I felt immediately surrounded by the perfume of blooming wisterias with all the spiciness combined with honeyed, sharp green notes and the very important orange flower accord. There is not a single note that doesn't smell like the heavy scented grape and I'm totally impressed by the perfumer who imagined this scent. This is certainly not an interpretation, but the closest reproduction of the natural scent and its spicy dry woody aspect suggests several Lucien Lelong creations from the same era. It feels as if a "wisteria concrete" was used for the perfume, though there was no such product available during the war.
The perfume is dominated by the unmistakable burnt spiciness found in the natural flowers, an accord created by a very intelligent blend of different types of eugenols. Under the spicy thunder we can find a very beautiful lilac note, combined with a lactonic Gardenia C18. But another important element, introducing the sweet honeyed aspect of the flower, is an accord built around jonquille-genêt-salicylate showing a similar facet with Je Reviens (Worth). 2 specific green-anisic-sweet molecules introduce the peculiar mimosa-linden blossom aspect, rather unusual in that flower, creating with an aldehyde the suggestion of a green hyacinth on top. Small doses of jasmine absolute and a classic lily of the valley are softening the harshness and the violence of the dominant spicy theme with its clove-bay-non sweet dianthine direction. The drydown, though dominated by the blend of spices (that curiously avoid the carnation aspect), has a certain floral delicacy supported by orris and a light balsamic touch that recalls the refinement found in the drydown of l'Aimant (Coty). Maybe the closest in spiciness is Poivre (Caron), but Wistaria (Houbigant) gave a totally new interpretation of this theme. Unfortunately, this perfume had no legacy and I did not found any other example built on the same idea, as if the true wisteria soliflore was an extinct branch in the evolutionary tree of perfumes.
There were not many wisteria perfumes before WWII maybe because the flower itself has a very strong character. But as a decorative item, this flower was extensively used in the Art Nouveau and Art Deco period. For Houbigant it was quite important and it was used in its famous "boutique" created for the 1900 Paris exhibition, when Le Parfum Idéal made its triumphal debut. In Le Figaro of 23 May 1900, Jean de la Tour wrote: "The display room of the Houbigant company was decorated by Maestro Mucha who created a flowery apotheosis of a perfumery: frames over which climb cobaea, wisteria and mimosa." This is maybe the perfect description of this forgotten perfume, an apotheosis of wisteria with an unusual and arrogant dry spiciness ending with a light opopanax effect and bitter burnt wood.
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Sunday, November 14

Ashes of Roses (Bourjois)

Shop window with the very famous products from Bourjois in the mid 20's, UK. Ashes of Roses was a line with an exquisite face powder, all scented with the best Bulgarian rose oil, specially chosen by Ernest Beaux.
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